Battery, energy & solar

Solar Cable Voltage Drop Calculator

Solar cable voltage drop equals current multiplied by round-trip cable resistance. Power lost in the cable equals current multiplied by that voltage drop.

Calculate resistive DC voltage drop and cable power loss between solar-system components.

Enter values

Advanced assumptions

Calculated result

Solar cable loss

Calculating…

Calculated locally in your browser

Planning math only. Verify equipment specifications and installation requirements separately.

Solar cable loss relationship diagramAn original simplified battery diagram paired with the current calculator result.ENERGY FLOWRESULTCalculated locallyFORMULA VISIBLEINPUTS EDITABLE
Solar Cable Voltage Drop Calculator relationship diagram. The illustration supports the text result; it is not a wiring or installation drawing.

What this calculator returns

Use the result for cable-loss planning only, then verify PV equipment limits and installation requirements.

Formula and variables

The calculation runs entirely in your browser. Static formulas, definitions, examples, and tables remain readable without JavaScript.

Formula

Vdrop = I × (2ρL/A); Ploss = I × Vdrop.

Vdrop
Voltage lost across the conductor path, in volts.
I
Current through the conductor, in amperes.
R
Electrical resistance of the modeled conductor path, in ohms.
ρ
Material resistivity at the modeled temperature, in ohm-metres.
L
Conductor length used by the selected path model.
A
Metal cross-sectional area of the conductor.

L is one-way cable length; the DC return path is included.

Worked example

Worked example inputs and result
InputValue
Circuit voltage48 V
Current20 A
One-way cable length30 ft
Conductor materialCopper
ResultAt 48 V and 20 A, the tool calculates delivered voltage and watts lost for the selected two-conductor path.

At 48 V and 20 A, the tool calculates delivered voltage and watts lost for the selected two-conductor path.

Reference table

Calculated conductor resistance by AWG, material, and temperature. Values use the AWG geometry equation and the resistivity constants documented on Sources; they are not copied from an electrical code table.
AWGCu 20°C Ω/1000 ftCu 75°C Ω/1000 ftAl 20°C Ω/1000 ftAl 75°C Ω/1000 ftCu 20°C Ω/kmAl 20°C Ω/km
142.52543.07124.14005.05768.285313.5825
121.58821.93152.60363.18075.21078.5421
100.99881.21471.63742.00043.27705.3722
80.62820.76401.02981.25812.06093.3786
60.39510.48050.64760.79121.29612.1248
40.24850.30220.40730.49760.81521.3363

Frequently asked questions

Is this solar cable voltage-drop result code compliant?

No. PowerTotals performs transparent electrical math and planning estimates. Installation decisions must be checked against equipment documentation, the adopted code, and the authority having jurisdiction.

Are my inputs uploaded?

No. Calculations run locally in your browser, and analytics never receives raw electrical values.

Assumptions and limitations

  • No PV code, ampacity, overcurrent, temperature-derating, connector, or protection sizing.
  • Steady DC resistance model.

Method and sources

Read the calculation methodology, review the technical sources, or browse the reference table index. Last reviewed .

Related calculators